Quantum photonic processors launched into space
Developed in labs of the Italian National Research Council Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), the two chips will be used for experiments conducted by an international consortium, exploring autonomous quantum computing and the principles of quantum mechanics in microgravity
The Italian National Research Council (CNR) has announced that, for the first time, two quantum photonic chips developed at the institute have been launched into space. This milestone is the result of an international collaboration involving the CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), the University of Vienna, the Technische Universität München (TUM), the German Aerospace Center (DLR), and other European partners. According to the researchers, the two devices are now in low Earth orbit at an altitude of approximately 520 km, each housed in separate satellites launched on 23 June aboard the same rocket from the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.
The two experiments aim to explore complementary frontiers of quantum optics in space. The first satellite hosts a photonic quantum processor designed to autonomously perform quantum computing tasks, as part of a mission coordinated by the University of Vienna. The second satellite carries an integrated photonic processor that will be used for fundamental quantum physics experiments conducted in collaboration with the Technische Universität München.
Both devices were developed in the CNR-IFN laboratories in Milan, within the research group led by integrated photonics expert Roberto Osellame. The missions were carried out under the scientific coordination of researchers Francesco Ceccarelli and Giacomo Corrielli, who work on the development of robust, miniaturised, and energy-efficient photonic circuits capable of operating in the extreme conditions of space.
“Sending a quantum processor into space requires a level of reliability never before achieved by integrated photonic technology,” explain Ceccarelli and Corrielli. “We designed optical chips that combine mechanical robustness with the ability to operate autonomously, successfully passing tests of vibration, shock, thermal fluctuations, and even exposure to highly ionising radiation like that found in space beyond Earth’s atmosphere.” According to the scientists, the modular and compact architecture of these devices made it possible to meet the stringent requirements of weight, energy consumption, and reliability demanded by satellite systems.
After setting up communication with the two satellites, the researchers plan to soon begin experimental measurements. These will explore the potential of quantum computing in space as an autonomous platform for future missions, and the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics in microgravity conditions.
“With these two missions, CNR positions itself as a provider of enabling technologies for employing quantum information in space, contributing to the advancement of fundamental science and the emergence of new application scenarios in the space sector,” commented Roberto Osellame.
